QUESTÕES APLICADAS A TODOS OS CANDIDATOS QUE REALIZARAM A PROVA ESPECÍFICA DE INGLÊS.
UEM Comissão Central do Vestibular Unificado
GABARITO 1
INGLÊS
Texto
Male body image
Maybe it’s a shift in society; maybe it’s entirely thanks to David Beckham, but one way or another men have started to care about the way they look.
What a great figure
5 New figures show that the market amongst youngmen for plastic surgery is bigger than ever; it hasdoubled in the last five years. In America sales of men’s hair dyes have risen from 18 million to over 100 million in the same period. And the picture
10 looks pretty similar in Britain. Last year the UK grooming market, according to a Mintel report, was estimated to be worth around £585 million in the UK. Clinique reported that their company’s sales to men increased by 25% in 1999, suggesting that up
15 until recently men have been buying women’s skin care products for themselves. Now the sameproducts are being repackaged to attract the male buyer, so there’s nothing stopping you acting asvain as Big Brother contestant, Paul Clarke.
20 Men and their worst bits When men are dissatisfied, the main focuses of concern are height, stomachs, chests and hair loss. Guys often surreptitiously draw in their stomachs and walk ‘taller’ as they pass mirrors (check it out
25 if you don’t believe us). Dr Stephen Edwards, a lecturer in Psychology at the University of Wales, Swansea, is currentlyresearching the structure of male body image andbody image concerns in men. He believes that
30 young men today feel more pressure to look goodthan they did just five years ago, but it is stilldoubtful that they feel the same pressures from media influences as women do. However, he is quick to point out the main body image issues that
35 affect men more than women. “Muscularity is not an issue for women whereas it is for men,” he says. “Being ‘too’ thin is not a problem for women, whereas for men this would be equated with being weedy.”
40 Distorted body image and health problems “As a general rule, and at the extremes, body imageconcern in women would be associated with eating disorders, whereas with men exercise addiction is a concern, as is the use of anabolic steroids,” says Dr
45 Edwards. Recent research backs this up, with evidence of an increase in body-dissatisfaction among males. It has been known that boys go through a phase ofrelative dissatisfaction with appearance in early
50 adolescence, but physical changes through puberty bring them closer to ideal. There is also someevidence that men undergoing a mid-life crisis (i.e. men between the ages of about 45 and 55) are most likely to be dissatisfied with their appearance.
55 How many men suffer from eating disorders? No accurate figures exist. Roughly 0.5 - 1% of women between the ages of 18 and 25 experienceanorexia nervosa. The figures for bulimia nervosa are probably a little higher. The rate among men is
60 estimated to be only 5% of that in women. “Historically, body image research has been driven by interest in the eating disorders,” explains Dr Edwards. “Given the low figures for males it wasn’treally a research priority. Now, this is changing.”
65 Gay men and body imageGay men are more likely than straight men to be unhappy with their reflection in the mirror. This seems to be mainly due to the higher emphasis on appearance in gay male culture, although it is
70 possible that stability of relationships may also be afactor as it is often found that people in stable,long-term relationships have a more positive body image than singles.
Texto disponível em<http://www.thesite.org/healthandwellbeing/wellbeing/bodyimageandselfesteem>. Acesso em 23/08/2007.
01 – The text states that A) women dye their hair more than men do. B) young men look for plastic surgery even if they
are satisfied with their body. C) there has been a change in the way the Americansociety sees men. D) men have never worried so much about their appearance as they currently do. E) David Beckham often changes the way he looks.
02 – Assinale a alternativa correta quanto ao que se afirma a respeito dos vocábulos retirados do texto. A) “Maybe” (linha 1) expressa dúvida. B) “amongst” (linha 5) é o mesmo que “almost”. C) “up until recently” (linhas 14-15) significa o
mesmo que “nowadays”. D) “whereas” (linha 38) expressa uma relação de igualdade.E) “straight” (linha 66) tem relação com o tipo decabelo.
03 – Assinale a alternativa correta de acordo com o texto. A) Dr. Edwards pesquisa as preocupações dos
homens quanto à imagem corporal. B) Há dez anos, os homens não se preocupavam com a aparência. C) As mulheres sofrem as mesmas pressões que os homens para serem magras. D) A pressão da mídia é maior para homens de meia-idade. E) Dr. Edwards acredita que homens e mulheres têm os mesmos problemas com a aparência.
04 – Choose the alternative in which the word in the text does not refer to the present time or having begun only a short time ago. A) “currently” (line 27)B) “today” (line 30) C) “just” (line 31)D) “recent” (line 46) E) “now” (line 64)
05 – According to the textA) all skinny women suffer from eating disorders. B) middle-aged men are addicted to exercise and
anabolic steroids.
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C) men and women have different concerns about their looks. D) both adolescents and older men are concernedabout hair loss. E) men who are ‘too’ thin do not attract women.
06 – Pelas informações contidas no texto, pode-se afirmar que homossexuais A) gostam de ver sua imagem refletida no espelho. B) tendem a ser mais insatisfeitos com sua imagem
do que heterossexuais. C) não sofrem qualquer pressão quanto à sua aparência.D) se envolvem em relacionamentos estáveis e duradouros. E) têm uma imagem do corpo mais positiva do queos heterossexuais.
07 – As palavras sublinhadas em “This seems to be mainly due to the higher emphasis on appearance...”(linhas 67-69) poderiam ser substituídas, semalteração no significado, porA) off duty.B) because of. C) in addition to.D) on the whole. E) different from.
08 – Em “Muscularity is not an issue for women whereas it is for men...” (linhas 35-36), entende-se que “muscularity” A) é um assunto tanto para homens quanto para
mulheres. B) não é relevante para as mulheres, porém o é para
os homens. C) não envolve o universo masculino. D) deve ser uma preocupação para as mulheres. E) é uma questão basicamente heterossexual.
09 – Assinale a alternativa cujas palavras designampartes do corpo.A) “stomachs” (linha 22), “chests” (linha 22) B) “hair” (linha 22), “concerns” (linha 29) C) “issues” (linha 34), “steroids” (linha 44) D) “physical” (linha 50), “mid-life” (linha 52) E) “appearance” (linha 54), “mirror” (linha 67)
10 – According to the information in the text, eating disorders A) affect equally men and women. B) can cause anorexia in most teenagers.C) affect 5% of men who are bulimic. D) did not occur in men five years ago.E) were not researched because there was no interest
in them.
11 – Analisando os vocábulos extraídos do texto, assinale a alternativa incorreta. A) “another” (linha 2) refere-se sempre a um
substantivo na forma singular. B) “figures” (linha 5) é o mesmo que “numbersrepresenting an amount”. C) “pretty” (linha 10) pode ser traduzido, no texto,por “atraente”. D) “addiction” (linha 43) é um falso cognato quenão significa “adição”.E) “accurate” (linha 56) pode ter como antônimo a palavra “imprecise”.
12 – Sobre os comparativos utilizados no texto, assinale a alternativa correta. A) Quando o adjetivo em inglês termina em consoante, essa é sempre duplicada ao se formar
o comparativo.
B) Em “as vain as” (linhas 18-19), o adjetivo nãosofreu o acréscimo de “er” devido à sua forma irregular.
C) As palavras sublinhadas em “...feel more pressure to look good than they did just five years ago...” (linhas 30-31) e em “...they feel the same pressures from media influences as women do.” (linhas 32-33) indicam comparativos de superioridade.
D) As palavras destacadas em “...a little higher.”(linha 59) poderiam ser substituídas por“slightly”, sem alteração de significado.
E) A forma “likelier” não poderia ser utilizada no lugar de “more likely” (linha 66).
13 – A leitura do texto permite afirmar que A) homens e mulheres estão se tornando diferentes em relação aos seus corpos. B) a busca por cirurgias plásticas entre as mulheresdecresceu. C) os homens se sentem mais altos quando murcham a barriga. D) os homens não se interessam por produtos contra calvície. E) houve significativo aumento na venda de tinturade cabelos para homens.
14 – Choose the alternative in which the form of the present perfect tense emphasizes the continuity of the action. A) “... men have started to care about the way theylook.” (line 3)B) “... it has doubled in the last five years.” (lines 67)C) “In America sales of men’s hair dyes have risen from 18 million to over 100 million...” (lines 79)D) “... suggesting that up until recently men have been buying women’s skin care products for themselves.” (lines 14-16) E) “... body image research has been driven by interest in the eating disorders...” (lines 61-62)
15 – Choose the alternative in which the information about the affix is not correct. A) The prefix “re”, in “repackaged” (line 17), conveys the idea of “again in a new and betterway”. B) The prefix “dis”, in “dissatisfied” (line 21) and in“disorders” (line 43), shows an opposite or negative.C) The suffix “ful”, in “doubtful” (line 32), means “having the quality of something or causingsomething”. D) The suffixes “ity”, in “muscularity” (line 35), “ion”, in “addiction” (line 43), and “ance”, in “appearance” (line 49), are used to form nouns inEnglish.E) The suffix “ly”, in “historically” (line 61), and the prefix “un”, in “unhappy” (line 67), indicate“lack of something”.
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GABARITO 1 Inglês
